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Obesity is defined as having an excessive amount of body fat that increases the risk of other health problems. The most common method to diagnose obesity is by calculating a person's body mass index (BMI). BMI is a measurement of a person's weight in relation to their height. It is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters.
A BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese. Obesity puts people at risk for serious health conditions including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, sleep apnea, and osteoarthritis.
Obesity typically develops from a combination of causes and risk factors, including lifestyle factors, genetics and family history, environment and community, health conditions, and medications.
The main treatment for obesity consists of lifestyle changes in diet and exercise. Eating healthier foods that are low in fat and calories while increasing physical activity levels can help people lose weight. For some people, prescription medications or weight loss surgery may be options if lifestyle changes do not produce significant weight loss.
Losing just 5-10% of body weight can lead to major health benefits. Even moderate weight loss can reduce risk factors for heart disease and diabetes. Consulting a doctor or nutrition professional can help create a customized weight loss plan.
Here are some tips that may aid weight loss efforts:
- Track calorie intake
- Set realistic goals
- Cut back on added sugars and refined carbs
- Eat more vegetables, fruits, and lean protein
- Choose whole grains over refined grains
- Stay hydrated by drinking water
- Get adequate sleep
- Seek support from friends and family
Sustaining long-term lifestyle changes is challenging, but overcoming obesity is possible. With determination and support, people can achieve improved health at any size. Focusing on health, not just appearance, provides the motivation needed to maintain new habits.